At the end of prophase the replicated chromosomes are moved by the spindle apparatus to the center of the cell. It is now clear that the chromosomes have been replicated. The chromosomes at prophase will consist of two identical parts called sister chromatids that stay connected at the centromere. As the chromosomes condense they get shorter and thicker and can be seen through the microscope as individual structures (Fig. Photo about equatorial, spindle, biological, light, histological, right, plate, cells, microscopy, onion, histology, biology, cytology. This change in chromosome structure makes them easier to move around the cell, an important structural change for what is about to happen. In prophase, the chromosomes in the nucleus change from being loosely dispersed to becoming more condensed. It is difficult to pick out an individual chromosome because they are each so spread out. Remember that chromosomes are replicated during the S phase of Interphase and replication of the chromosomes is possible because they are dispersed.
![prophase microscope prophase microscope](https://teachmephysiology.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/11/Mitosis_261_10_Pressed_root_meristem_of_Vicia_faba_cells_in_anaphase_prophase.jpg)
During interphase, the chromosomes are loosely dispersed in the nucleus. Put your answers to the following questions on your blank sheet of paper.Prophase is the beginning of mitosis. I will give you a few minutes to decide which number corresponds to which phase and then I will call on some of you to see if we are correct. Don’t look at the legs, because they are flopped to the sides.
PROPHASE MICROSCOPE MOVIE
phase contrast microscope to record the time-lapse movie of the prophase. To identify metaphase you will need to look for the middle of the chromosomes and see if they are lined up in the middle of the cell. Ever since the invention of microscope by spectacle-makers father and son duo. Look at the slide and see if you can identify each of the four phases of mitosis in an actual cell. Can you give any other examples? 5 bullets here, then go back to phases slide. Thus, the percentage of cells in each phase and the duration for each phase can be calculated. By using certain chemicals to stain the cells, most of the cells can be observed under different stages of mitosis. For example, in prophase the nucleus breaks down, in telophase the nucleus is re-formed. There are 5 different stages of mitosis that can be observed namely interphase, prophase, metaphase, anaphase and telophase. What is done during prophase is re-done in telophase. Telophase is the opposite of prophase.Three bullets here, then go back to phases slide It looks like a V on its side with the bottom of the V going toward the outer part of the cell. You can tell when the chromosomes are moving, because the spindle fibers are hooked to the middle of each chromosome so the tails of the chromosome trail behind. Anaphase is the actual movement of the chromosomes to opposite sides of the cell.There are only two bullets here, then go back to phases slide. The chromosomes are lined up in the middle with each half positioned to go to opposite sides of the cell. Metaphase is one of the easier phases to identify.When spindle fiber forms comes on go back to phases slide. Squash preparation of onion root tip cells stained to reveal chromosomes, Bright field illumination, light microscopy. Spindle fibers will eventually act like cables to move the chromosomes around. Animal cells have centrioles which are tube like structures made of the protein tubulin.
![prophase microscope prophase microscope](https://images-na.ssl-images-amazon.com/images/I/61zT%2BAYWPsL._SL1000_.jpg)
Each anther is deeply bi-lobed and each lobe contains two structures called microsporangia. Why do you think the nucleus needs to break down? The centrosomes are different between plant and animal cells. Anthers are the male reproductive structures of flowering plants that produce pollen. When we look at onion cells, we can see chromosomes, but not chromatin. The outer boundary of the cell is the faint circle just inside the box. The chromosomes are not visible through a microscope during the interphase stage of the cell cycle, because they are tightly packed as chromatin. The DNA molecules of the chromosomes condense. Set up a compound light microscope and turn on the light.
![prophase microscope prophase microscope](http://www.anat-phys-museum.de/WAI/EM/eigeneEM/Hypophyse/Hy23b.jpg)
However, it is only during certain stages of the cell cycle in some stages of cell division that they can be seen. Mitosis has 4 major stages - Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase, and Telophase. You cannot see chromatin with a light microscope. Chromosomes can sometimes be seen even through a light microscope.
![prophase microscope prophase microscope](https://image2.slideserve.com/3922603/prophase-under-the-microscope-l.jpg)
We will go through each cell and see what happens.Secondly, we will learn what is happening in the cell during that time.
PROPHASE MICROSCOPE HOW TO
First, we will learn how to identify the phase by looking at it in both a diagram and an actual cell. When going through each phase we will cover two areas.